Spatial Statistical Analysis of Conflict-Related Deaths (1989–2023)
This project presents a comprehensive geospatial analysis of conflict-related deaths in Pakistan from 1989 to 2023. Using advanced GIS-based spatial statistics and interpolation techniques, the study identifies spatial patterns, hotspots, clusters, and intensity gradients of violent conflict to support conflict mitigation and peacebuilding efforts.
The study area covers the entire country of Pakistan. The analysis focuses on the spatial distribution of conflict-related deaths across provinces and regions, capturing long-term spatial and temporal variations in conflict intensity.
This map identifies statistically significant hotspots and cold spots of conflict-related deaths using Optimized Hotspot Analysis. High-confidence hotspots are prominently observed in regions such as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, indicating persistent and intense conflict zones.
The geospatial heat map visualizes the density and intensity of conflict incidents using kernel density estimation. Areas shown in warmer colours indicate higher concentrations of conflict-related deaths, highlighting major conflict-prone regions.
This map reveals spatial clusters and outliers of conflict-related deaths using Anselin Local Moran’s I. High-high clusters indicate regions with concentrated conflict intensity, while outliers reveal localized anomalies in conflict patterns.
The IDW interpolation map provides a continuous surface of estimated conflict intensity across Pakistan. This visualization highlights spatial gradients and transitional zones of conflict intensity beyond observed data points.
This project demonstrates the effective use of GIS and spatial statistics to analyze long-term conflict patterns. The integration of multiple analytical techniques provides valuable insights for evidence-based decision-making, policy formulation, and peacebuilding initiatives in conflict-affected regions.